Publication Details
Abstract
This article examines the economic significance of innovation activity across major economic sectors and substantiates the selection of 2020-2024 as the main empirical period for analyzing innovation-related indicators in Uzbekistan. Innovation activity is considered as an integrated economic, scientific, and organizational process that includes the generation of new ideas, research and development, the introduction of technologies, product and service innovation, and the commercialization of innovation outcomes. The study systematizes the role of innovation activity in agriculture, manufacturing, energy, construction, trade, transport, information and communication, finance, education, health care, and other sectors. In methodological terms, the article relies on sectoral classification, comparative analysis, and historical-institutional periodization. The results show that innovation activity contributes to productivity growth, competitiveness, export potential, digital transformation, human capital development, and regional economic stability. The period 2020-2024 is justified as the key empirical period because official regional data on innovation output, innovation expenditures, and technological, organizational, and marketing innovation indicators became relatively more systematic during these years. At the same time, earlier stages of institutional formation are considered as a historical background for interpreting the development of the national innovation system.