Smart Technologies in Agriculture for Green Economy Development: Prospects for Integration and Development

This article analyzes the application of smart technologies in agriculture and their interrelationship with the principles of the green economy, drawing on foreign empirical research. The study is based on a mixed-method approach comprising a systematic review of the scientific literature and a comparative-descriptive analysis of official statistical data for Uzbekistan. Twenty-four foreign sources were systematically classified according to four criteria - scale of analysis, research method, technological focus, and the nature of the conclusion reached - which constitutes the scientific novelty of the article. The findings show that IoT-based and precision-agriculture technologies can reduce water consumption by 20–90% and increase resource-use efficiency by up to 92–95%; at the same time, the environmental effect of digitalization is shown not to be universal, and a critical evaluation reveals that a "rebound effect" may occur in certain cases, whereby digital infrastructure itself generates additional emissions. The article further analyzes statistical indicators on water-saving technologies in Uzbekistan and identifies the near-total absence of econometric studies establishing causal relationships between smart technologies and the green economy specific to the country and the Central Asian region, thereby outlining a clear direction for future research.