Theoretical and Methodological Foundations of Anti-Crisis Management and Pre-Crisis Assessment Mechanisms in Industrial Enterprises

Industrial enterprises operate in an environment characterized by increasing market uncertainty, financial instability, technological change, and intensified competition, which raises the likelihood of crises and requires the development of effective anti-crisis management mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to improve the theoretical and methodological foundations of anti-crisis management by systematizing the factors that contribute to crisis development and proposing a mechanism for assessing the pre-crisis condition of industrial enterprises. The research applies theoretical generalization, comparative analysis, classification, system analysis, and structural-functional methods. Based on the analysis, crisis-generating factors are grouped into external and internal categories, while early warning indicators are structured into financial, production-operational, market, organizational, and managerial dimensions. A conceptual mechanism is proposed that integrates continuous monitoring, identification of early warning signals, assessment of crisis probability, determination of the crisis level, and selection of appropriate managerial responses. The proposed approach supports timely managerial decision-making and enables enterprises to shift from reactive crisis response to preventive anti-crisis management.