Evolution of Thermal Power Plants in Uzbekistan and Prospects for Their Development

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the historical evolution of thermal power plants (TPPs) in Uzbekistan from the early 20th century to the mid-21st century, their current technical condition, and development prospects to 2030. The formation and modernisation of key Soviet-era facilities, including Syrdarya TPP, Tashkent TPP, Navoi TPP, Novo-Angren TPP, and Talimarjan TPP, are examined. The energy sector reform process, including the dissolution of Uzbekenergo JSC, the establishment of Thermal Power Plants JSC, and the transition to market mechanisms, is systematically analyzed. Analysis of electricity generation dynamics for 2016–2025 and CO₂ emissions reveals that although the country remains heavily dependent on thermal energy, significant transformative trends are underway. New combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) projects and private investor partnership prospects are evaluated within the framework of the 2030 strategic targets.