Challenges Affecting the Deployment and Utilisation of Space-Based Internet in Some African Communities

This study examines the major challenges affecting the deployment and utilisation of space-based internet in expanding connectivity to underserved and remote communities in Africa. A review research method was adopted to analyse existing studies on the development, adoption, and performance of space-based internet services. The review focuses on the high costs of satellite terminals and subscriptions, limited electricity availability, low digital literacy, regulatory and policy challenges, atmospheric and weather effects, limited network capacity, inadequate ground infrastructure, and shortages of technical skills and maintenance capacity. These factors are particularly important in developing regions where terrestrial broadband infrastructure remains inadequate and access to reliable internet services is still uneven. The findings indicate that although space-based internet can improve connectivity in areas poorly served by terrestrial networks, these challenges can limit its affordability, reliability, scalability, and accessibility. The review further shows that overcoming these barriers requires coordinated efforts among governments, satellite operators, telecommunications providers, and local communities. The study concludes that addressing these challenges through supportive policies, improved infrastructure, affordable technologies, reliable electricity, digital literacy, and technical capacity building is essential for the sustainable expansion of space-based internet services and its contribution to reducing the digital divide.