Publication Details
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, obesity, irregular menstrual cycles, and anovulatory infertility. Melatonin, the primary hormone of the pineal gland, is synthesized from tryptophan and represents an indole derivative of serotonin. Melatonin regulates not only the sleep–wake cycle but also reproductive function. It acts as a potent antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals, thereby protecting ovarian follicles during their maturation. However, when melatonin synthesis is restricted — as may occur in the context of sleep disorders — the balance of the antioxidant defense system may deteriorate, consequently impairing the normal growth and maturation of follicles in patients with PCOS, who are known to exhibit elevated levels of lipid peroxidation products that cause oocyte damage.