Current Challenges in the Clinical Course, Diagnosis, And Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon characterized by immune-mediated inflammation of the intestinal mucosa. This article analyzes the clinical course of ulcerative colitis, contemporary diagnostic approaches, and current challenges in its treatment. The clinical course of the disease and treatment outcomes were evaluated in 98 patients. The findings demonstrated that long-standing disease, extensive colonic involvement, pseudopolyp formation, and severe clinical manifestations are the main indications for surgical intervention. In such cases, surgery remains the most effective radical treatment option. The use of minimally invasive (laparoscopic), staged, and complication-free surgical techniques plays a crucial role in patient recovery and contributes significantly to improving quality of life.